ABSTRACT
In order to explore the influence of reaction temperature on the product composition, the effect of continuous temperature change (22 degrees C-60 degrees C, +/-0.1 degree C) on hydrolysis of yeast beta-glucan by endo-beta-1,3-glucanase was determined by using self-developed Biochem-temperature Characteristic Apparatus. The activation energy of enzymatic hydrolysis of yeast beta-glucan was 84.17 kJ/mol. The optimum temperature represented by accumulation of products decreased exponentially within a certain period of time. The components of the products were changed with reaction temperature. The length of oligosaccharides decreased with the increase of temperature. The main products were laminaribiose and laminaritriose at the temperature higher than 46 degrees C, while the main products were laminaripentaose and larger molecular weight components at the temperature lower than 30 degrees C. The results can provide precise parameters to control the reaction temperature of the production of 1,3-beta-D-glucooligosaccharides.
Subject(s)
Enzyme Activation , Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase , Chemistry , Metabolism , Hydrolysis , Oligosaccharides , Chemistry , Metabolism , Temperature , Yeasts , Metabolism , beta-Glucans , MetabolismABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The opportunistic fungus Candida albicans is a major pathogen especially to immunocompromised patients. OBJECTIVES: We examined the protective effect of the active and passive immunizations to evaluate the applicability for the treatment of candidosis in Candida-infected mice model. METHODS: Candida cell wall components were obtained by treatment of lyticase, proteinase K, and dithiothreitol. The proteinase was purified from the culture filtrates of C. albicans using a series of chromatographic steps consisting of DEAE-Sepharose FF, Sephacryl S-200 HR and size-exclusion high performance liquid chromatography. The phospholipase was purified from the culture supernatant of C. albicans with DEAE column chromatography, reverse phase column chromatography, revere phase HPLC and size-exclusion HPLC. Antibodies to cell wall protein components, proteinase and phospholipase were produced by immunization into mice of same strain. RESULTS: The mean survival times of active and passive immunized mice groups were longer than those of non-immunized groups. CONCLUSION: These results showed that immunization with proteinase and its antibody were the most effective to prolong survival time in Candida-infected mice.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Acrylic Resins , Antibodies , Candida , Candida albicans , Cell Wall , Chromatography , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Chromatography, Liquid , Chromatography, Reverse-Phase , Dithiothreitol , Endopeptidase K , Ethanolamines , Fungi , Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase , Immunization , Immunization, Passive , Multienzyme Complexes , Peptide Hydrolases , Phospholipases , Proteins , Survival RateABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the conditions on separation and regeneration of protoplast from Phellinus igniarius.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The effects of enzymolysis conditions of P. igniarius mycelia on yield of protoplast and culturing conditons on regeneration ratio of protoplast were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>When the 8 days-old mycelia was hydrolysed by 1.5% of lywallzyme adding to driselase of 0. 5% and at 30 degrees C for 3 h and enzymolysis was stablized by sucrose as a stablisher of osmotic pressure, higher yield of P. igniarius protoplast was obtained. If 10 days-old mycelia was used as raw material of enzymolysis and manntol was selected as stablisher of osmotic pressure of enzymolysis, higher regeneration ratio of P. igniarius protoplast also would be obtained in following regeneration step at same time keeping higher yield. For the regeneration processing, it was beneficial for the regeneration of P. igniarius protoplast that PDA plusing mulberry ramulus was used as the culture medium of regeneration and manntol was selected as the osmotic pressure establisher of regeneration culture medium.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method and conditions to keep both higher yield and regeneration ratio of P. igniarius protoplast were obtained.</p>
Subject(s)
Culture Media , Pharmacology , Fungal Proteins , Pharmacology , Glucan Endo-1,3-beta-D-Glucosidase , Pharmacology , Glycoside Hydrolases , Pharmacology , Mannitol , Pharmacology , Multienzyme Complexes , Pharmacology , Osmotic Pressure , Peptide Hydrolases , Pharmacology , Polyporaceae , Physiology , Protoplasts , Physiology , Regeneration , Sucrose , Pharmacology , TemperatureABSTRACT
O teste de reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" foi avaliado como critério para a seleçäo de doses em bezerros tratados com ß1-3 glucano. Observou-se que o tratamento com ß1-3 glucano estimulou a reduçäo de "nitroblue tetrazolium" e que esta estimulaçäo apresenta um comportamento estimulatório bifásico para as três doses de 1, 3 e 5mg/kg de peso corporal, este efeito está freqüentemente associado à administraçäo parenteral de carboidratos imunomoduladores. A resposta foi observada por período de 3 e 14 dias para as doses entre 1 e 5mg/kg e 3 e 21 dias para 3mg/kg de peso corporal. A mais alta resposta foi observada 14 dias após o tratamento. A dose de 5mg/kg foi selecionada como a mais adequada por apresentar o mais alto índice estimulatório observado